秉氏环毛蚓(Pheretima pingi Stephenson)雄性生殖细胞减数分裂

以秉氏环毛蚓雄性生殖细胞为实验材料,通过石蜡连续切片方法,对雄性生殖细胞的减数分裂进行了初步研究,并分折了雄性生殖细胞在精巢囊、贮精囊中从形成到成熟的过程。进一步了解秉氏环毛蚓的染色体数2n=8。这为促进蚯蚓生物学研究、人工养殖和综合利用,以及蚯蚓的远缘杂交和育种选种提供理论依据。     

白颈环毛蚓皮肤的超微结构

详细描述了白颈环毛蚓皮肤的超微结构 ,讨论分析了与寡毛纲其他类群动物的异同 .应用透射电子显微镜技术观察到 ,白颈环毛蚓的皮肤主要由角质层、表皮和皮肤附属物构成 .其中 ,角质层主要由多层胶原纤维构成 ,表皮中除了支持细胞和基细胞外 ,有小颗粒蛋白细胞、大颗粒粘液细胞和网状粘液细胞三种不同的分泌细胞 ,环带部分有颗粒环带细胞和球状环带细胞两种不同的分泌细胞     

参环毛蚓肠道内源性纤维素酶的分离纯化及酶学性质分析

通过对参环毛蚓肠道组织提取液进行DEAE阴离子交换及凝胶过滤层析,获得参环毛蚓单一的内源纤维素酶的活性组分.根据AlpHaEaseFCTM软件计算出该组分分子质量约为45 ku,命名为Cx1.羧甲基纤维素钠(so-dium carboxymethylcellulose,CMC)法对Cx1进行酶学性质分析.分析结果显示:对于底物羧甲基纤维素钠,Cx1的米氏常数(Km)为0.289 mg/mL,Vmax为0.446 U.mL-1.min-1,反应最适温度为55℃,最适pH为6.0,在40~60℃、pH5.0~8.0具有较好的热稳定性和pH稳定性,其相对酶活力都能保持在55%以上.Ag+和Ba2+对Cx1起显著激活作用,K+、Zn2+、Mg2+、Ca2+、NH4+、Ni2+、Na+、Pb2+部分抑制酶活性,Cu2+离子对Cx1有完全抑制作用,而Fe2+对酶活力无明显影响.     

New earthworm species of the genus Pheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mountain Province,Philippines

Six new species of the genus Pheretima are described from Mt. Amuyao and Mt. Lamagan, near Barlig, Mountain Province, the Philippines: Pheretima tanudanensis sp. nov., Pheretima amuyaoensis sp. nov., Pheretima salcedoi sp. nov., Pheretima lamaganensis sp. nov., Pheretima julkai sp. nov., and Pheretima barligensis sp. nov. Pheretima tanudanensis sp. nov. has spermathecal pores in 6/7, 0.18–0.22 circumference ventrally apart, copulatory bursae openings 0.21–0.22 circumference apart, intestinal origin in XVI, and non-muscular spermathecal ducts. Pheretima amuyaoensis sp. nov. and Pheretima salcedoi sp. nov. have spermathecal pores in 5/6–6/7, a condition not previously known in the genus. Pheretima amuyaoensis sp. nov. has ventral spermathecal pores 0.23–0.24 circumference apart, copulatory bursae openings 0.23 circumference apart, and the intestinal origin in XVI. Pheretima salcedoi sp. nov. has ventral spermathecal pores 0.21–0.29 circumference apart, copulatory bursae openings 0.18–0.20 circumference apart, and the intestinal origin in XV. Pheretima lamaganensis sp. nov. and Pheretima julkai sp. nov. belong to the dubia group in Sims and Easton with three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7–8/9. Pheretima lamaganensis sp. nov. is a small-bodied worm with more setae in VII than in XX, two pairs of spermathecae in VII, one pair of spermathecae in VIII, ventral spermathecal pores 0.27–0.28 circumference apart and copulatory bursae openings 0.21–0.22 circumference apart. Pheretima julkai sp. nov. has two pairs of spermathecae in VII, one pair of spermathecae in VIII, ventral spermathecal pores 0.20–0.23 circumference apart and copulatory bursae openings 0.18–0.20 circumference apart, typhlosole lacking. One new earthworm, Pheretima barligensis sp. nov. belongs to the darnleiensis group with four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6–8/9, and has ventral spermathecal pores 0.16–0.22 circumference apart, copulatory bursae openings 0.19–0.22 circumference apart, an intestinal origin in XVI, and septa 8/9–9/10 present.     

直隶环毛蚓消化道扫描电镜观察

采用扫描电镜方法对直隶环毛蚓消化道各个部位内壁表面的超微结构进行观察，并对其各部位的结构进行了比较，结果表明：环毛蚓消化道各部位已有明显分工，各部位结构特点与其功能相适应。同时讨论了各部位的生理功能。     

Bt-8010对环毛蚓生长的影响研究

采用高效Bt-8010(8000IU/mg)以不同浓度的稀释液对环毛蚓进行喷淋试验,观察环毛蚓的生长发育情况.结果表明,50倍浓度影响环毛蚓的正常生殖,稀释100倍浓度对环毛蚓生长有干扰作用,稀释浓度200倍以上对环毛蚓生长和繁殖没有影响.     

威廉环毛蚓[Pheretima guillelmi(Michaelsen)]前列腺显微及亚显微结构的研究

环毛属(Pheretima)是我国常见的和优势的属,其中大多数的种类具有发达的前列腺,该腺属于雄性生殖器。威廉环毛蚓的前列腺由小叶组成,每小叶内有一至几个分泌小管。前列腺腺细胞及其核的形态多样。腺细胞的分泌功能旺盛,在细胞质中有很多分泌颗粒、大量的粗面内质网和高尔基体。前列腺腺细胞中的分泌颗粒与蚯蚓精子的营养和活动有关,可能与其成熟的程度也有关。前列腺的分泌活动可能还与季节有一定的关系,因为在生殖季节里比较旺盛。     

Five new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) from Matsu,Taiwan

This paper describes five new species of earthworms belonging to the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) from Matsu, Taiwan. They are Amynthas bimontis sp. nov., Amynthas hsiyinensis sp. nov., Amynthas dongyinensis sp. nov., Amynthas dongjuensis sp. nov. and Metaphire matsuensis sp. nov. Amynthas bimontis is a small, quadrithecate earthworm with two pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6/7 and two small genital papillae lateral to each male porophore. Amynthas hsiyinensis is quadrithecate with two pairs of spermathecal pores in 7/8/9, has numerous small genital papillae and is morphologically similar to Amynthas polyglandularis (Tsai, 1964) from northern Taiwan. Amynthas dongyinensis is sexthecate with three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7–8/9 and has simple male pore structure. Amynthas dongjuensis is octothecate with or without a genital papilla medial to each male pore. Metaphire matsuensis is sexthecate with three pairs of dorsolateral spermathecal pores in 5/6–7/8, and has each male pore surrounded by 0–10 small papillae on top of a cone-shaped everted copulatory chamber. DNA barcodes (the 5’-end sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene) of the five new species are also reported.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2EBE3507-917B-4074-B73B-CF8DC88966B9